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upper_bound (3)
  • >> upper_bound (3) ( Solaris man: Библиотечные вызовы )
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                           Standard C++ Library
                 Copyright 1998, Rogue Wave Software, Inc.
    
    
    NAME
         upper_bound
    
          - Determines the last valid  position  for  a  value  in  a
         sorted container.
    
    
    
    SYNOPSIS
         #include <algorithm>
         template <class ForwardIterator, class T>
          ForwardIterator
             upper_bound(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last,
                        const T& value);
         template <class ForwardIterator, class T, class Compare>
          ForwardIterator
             upper_bound(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last,
                        const T& value, Compare comp);
    
    
    
    DESCRIPTION
         The upper_bound algorithm is one of a set of  binary  search
         algorithms.  All of these algorithms perform binary searches
         on ordered containers. Each algorithm has two versions.  The
         first  version  uses  the  less than operator (operator<) to
         perform the comparison, and assumes that  the  sequence  has
         been  sorted  using that operator. The second version allows
         you to include  a  function  object  of  type  Compare,  and
         assumes  that  Compare  is  the  function  used  to sort the
         sequence. The function object must be a binary predicate.
    
         The upper_bound algorithm finds the last position in a  con-
         tainer   that   value   can  occupy  without  violating  the
         container's ordering.  upper_bound's  return  value  is  the
         iterator  for  the  first  element  in the container that is
         greater than value, or,  when  the  comparison  operator  is
         used, the first element that does NOT satisfy the comparison
         function. Because the algorithm is restricted to  using  the
         less  than  operator or the user-defined function to perform
         the search, upper_bound returns an iterator i in  the  range
         [first,  last)  such  that  for  any iterator j in the range
         [first, i) the appropriate version of the  following  condi-
         tions holds:
    
         !(value < *j)
         or
    
         comp(value, *j) == false
    
    
    
    COMPLEXITY
         upper_bound performs at most log(last - first) + 1 comparis-
         ons.
    
    
    
    EXAMPLE
         //
         // ul_bound.cpp
         //
         #include <vector>
         #include <algorithm>
         #include <functional>
         #include <iostream>
         using namespace std;
    
         int main()
          {
         typedef vector<int>::iterator iterator;
         int d1[11] = {0,1,2,2,3,4,2,2,2,6,7};
    
         // Set up a vector
         vector<int> v1(d1 + 0,d1 + 11);
    
         // Try lower_bound variants
         iterator it1 = lower_bound(v1.begin(),v1.end(),3);
         // it1 = v1.begin() + 4
    
         iterator it2 =
           lower_bound(v1.begin(),v1.end(),2,less<int>());
         // it2 = v1.begin() + 4
    
         // Try upper_bound variants
         iterator it3 = upper_bound(v1.begin(),v1.end(),3);
         // it3 = vector + 5
    
         iterator it4 =
            upper_bound(v1.begin(),v1.end(),2,less<int>());
         // it4 = v1.begin() + 5
         cout << endl << endl
              << "The upper and lower bounds of 3: ( "
              << *it1 << " , " << *it3 << " ]" << endl;
         cout << endl << endl
              << "The upper and lower bounds of 2: ( "
              << *it2 << " , " << *it4 << " ]" << endl;
         return 0;
          }
    
         Program Output
    
    
    
         The upper and lower bounds of 3: ( 3 , 4 ]
         The upper and lower bounds of 2: ( 2 , 3 ]
    
    
    
    WARNINGS
         If your compiler does not support default  template  parame-
         ters,  then you always need to supply the Allocator template
         argument. For instance, you need to write:
    
         vector<int, allocator<int> >
    
         instead of:
    
         vector<int>
    
         If your compiler does not support namespaces,  then  you  do
         not need the using declaration for std.
    
    
    
    SEE ALSO
         lower_bound, equal_range
    
    
    
    


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